Explanation
Salt's Witness
(Genesis 19)
Genesis
19 is a chapter in the Book of Genesis in the Bible. It tells the story of the
destruction of the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah and the escape of Lot and his
family.
Two
angels arrived in the city of Sodom, and Lot, the nephew of the patriarch
Abraham, welcomed them into his home. The men of Sodom, known for their
wickedness, surrounded Lot's house and demanded that he bring out the visitors
so they could engage in sexual acts with them. Lot, trying to protect his
guests, offered his virgin daughters instead, but the men refused.
Seeing
the gravity of the situation, the angels pulled Lot back into the house and
struck the men outside with blindness. They then informed Lot of God's plan to
destroy the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah due to their extreme wickedness. The
angels instructed Lot to gather his family and leave the city to escape the
impending destruction.
Lot
went to his future sons-in-law, who were going to marry his daughters, and
warned them of the destruction to come, but they didn't take his warning
seriously. As morning approached, the angels urged Lot to hurry and take his
wife and two daughters out of the city.
As
they fled, the angels instructed them not to look back. Unfortunately, Lot's
wife couldn't resist and looked back, instantly turning into a pillar of salt.
Lot and his daughters continued on their journey and found refuge in a small
town called Zoar.
Meanwhile,
God rained down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah, completely destroying
the cities and all their inhabitants. Lot and his daughters, now fearful and
alone, settled in a cave in the mountains.
Lot's
daughters, thinking that they were the only survivors, feared that they
wouldn't have children and decided to get their father drunk and have sexual
relations with him to preserve their family line. They each became pregnant,
and their offspring would eventually become the ancestors of the Moabites and
Ammonites, two nations in biblical history.
The
chapter concludes with the birth of Lot's grandsons. The story of the
destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah and the actions of Lot and his daughters
highlight the consequences of wickedness and the importance of obedience to
God's instructions.
Salt's Witness
In
Sodom's realm, a tale unfolds,
Where
wickedness thrived, and darkness enfolded.
Lot,
righteous in God's sight, resided there,
With
angels arriving, a warning to bear.
"Come,
enter my humble abode," he pled,
A
shelter from chaos where safety was spread.
The
men of Sodom, consumed by their lust,
Demanded
the visitors, their intentions unjust.
Lot,
desperate to protect his guests from harm,
Offered
his daughters, a shield to disarm.
But
the angels intervened, blinding their sight,
Revealing
God's wrath, impending the night.
Escape,
they must, from this city of sin,
The
angels' message, the truth deep within.
Lot,
his family, to flee with great haste,
To
leave behind Sodom, not a moment to waste.
A
warning given, but disbelieved,
Sons-in-law
scoffed, their fate undeceived.
As
dawn approached, the angels did insist,
"Escape
to the mountains, resist the abyss."
Lot's
wife, tempted by the past she'd known,
Looked
back with longing, her heart turned to stone.
A
pillar of salt, her final fate,
A
testament to disobedience's weight.
Lot
and his daughters ventured alone,
Seeking
refuge, a place they'd call home.
Zoar,
a small town, offered solace and peace,
A
haven where their weary souls found release.
Yet
fear plagued their hearts, in the mountain's embrace,
Alone
and forgotten, their family's trace.
In
desperation, Lot's daughters devised a scheme,
To
preserve their lineage, fulfill their dream.
Intoxicated
their father, they lay with him,
A
decision born from desperation, grim.
Two
nations arose, Moab and Ammon their names,
Born
from the choices that brought them such shame.
"Sodom
and Gomorrah," a cautionary verse,
A
tale of wickedness, consequences diverse.
God's
judgment fierce, but His mercy revealed,
In
the midst of destruction, grace was concealed.
Salt's
witness, a reminder for all to heed,
To
follow God's path, and His laws to succeed.
From
the ashes of sin, redemption does spring,
Lessons
from Genesis, our souls to bring.
Explanation
Verse
1: "Now the two angels came to Sodom in the evening, and Lot was sitting
in the gate of Sodom. When Lot saw them, he rose to meet them, and he bowed
himself with his face toward the ground."
In
this verse, two angels arrive in the city of Sodom, and Lot, who is Abraham's
nephew, is sitting at the gate. When Lot sees the angels, he immediately shows
them respect and honor by bowing down before them.
Verse
2: "And he said, 'Here now, my lords, please turn in to your servant's
house and spend the night, and wash your feet; then you may rise early and go
on your way.' And they said, 'No, but we will spend the night in the open
square.'"
Lot,
recognizing the dangers that await the angels in the open square, urges them to
come to his house and stay the night. He offers them hospitality, including the
opportunity to wash their feet, a customary act of refreshment and hospitality
in that culture. However, the angels initially decline and express their
intention to spend the night in the open square.
Verse
3: "But he insisted strongly; so they turned in to him and entered his
house. Then he made them a feast, and baked unleavened bread, and they
ate."
Lot
persists in his invitation, and eventually, the angels agree to go with him and
enter his house. Lot prepares a feast for them, which includes unleavened
bread, and they all share a meal together.
Verse
4: "Now before they lay down, the men of the city, the men of Sodom, both
old and young, all the people from every quarter, surrounded the house."
As
night falls and before everyone goes to sleep, all the men of Sodom, young and
old, gather around Lot's house. This assembly of people from all over the city
demonstrates the widespread wickedness and depravity that pervaded Sodom.
Verse
5: "And they called to Lot and said to him, 'Where are the men who came to
you tonight? Bring them out to us that we may know them carnally.'"
The
men of Sodom demand that Lot bring out the two angels so that they can engage
in sexual acts with them. This wicked act demonstrates the depth of immorality
prevalent in the city.
Verse
6: "So Lot went out to them through the doorway, shut the door behind
him."
In
an attempt to protect his guests, Lot goes outside and shuts the door of his
house behind him. He intends to reason with the men of Sodom and prevent them
from harming the angels.
Verse
7: "And said, 'Please, my brethren, do not do so wickedly!'"
Lot
pleads with the men of Sodom, addressing them as "brethren," in an
attempt to appeal to their sense of reason. He implores them not to engage in
such wicked and immoral acts.
Verse
8: "See now, I have two daughters who have not known a man; please, let me
bring them out to you, and you may do to them as you wish; only do nothing to
these men, since this is the reason they have come under the shadow of my
roof."
Desperate
to protect the angels, Lot makes a shocking offer to the men of Sodom. He
offers his two virgin daughters to them instead, suggesting that they can do
whatever they want with them. Lot emphasizes the sanctity of hospitality,
stating that the angels are under his protection, and he cannot allow them to
be harmed.
Verse
9: "And they said, 'Stand back!' Then they said, 'This one came in to stay
here, and he keeps acting as a judge; now we will deal worse with you than with
them.' So they pressed hard against the man Lot, and came near to break down
the door."
The
men of Sodom reject Lot's offer and respond with anger and aggression. They
accuse Lot of acting as a judge, interfering with their desires and judgments.
They threaten to deal with Lot even worse than they intended to with the
angels, pressing hard against him and attempting to break down the door of his
house.
Verse
10: "But the men reached out their hands and pulled Lot into the house
with them, and shut the door."
In a
swift and miraculous intervention, the angels inside the house reach out and
pull Lot back inside, rescuing him from the violent mob outside. They close the
door, ensuring Lot's safety and the protection of the angels. This act
highlights the supernatural power and divine intervention involved in this
situation.
Verse
11: "And they struck the men who were at the doorway of the house with
blindness, both small and great, so that they became weary trying to find the
door."
The angels,
recognizing the imminent danger that the men of Sodom posed, take action. They
strike the men outside the house with blindness, rendering them unable to find
the entrance. This act of divine intervention confuses and frustrates the men,
preventing them from carrying out their malicious intentions.
Verse
12: "Then the men said to Lot, 'Have you anyone else here? Son-in-law,
your sons, your daughters, and whomever you have in the city—take them out of
this place!'"
The
angels, addressing Lot, express their concern for the safety of his family
members. They urge Lot to gather anyone he has in the city, including his
sons-in-law, sons, daughters, or any other relatives, and lead them out of
Sodom to protect them from the impending destruction.
Verse
13: "For we will destroy this place because the outcry against them has
grown great before the face of the Lord, and the Lord has sent us to destroy
it."
The
angels clarify the reason for their presence and the impending destruction of
Sodom. They explain that the outcry of the city's wickedness and depravity has
reached the Lord, and He has sent the angels to execute judgment and destroy
the city.
Verse
14: "So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who had married his
daughters, and said, 'Get up, get out of this place; for the Lord will destroy
this city!' But to his sons-in-law, he seemed to be joking."
Lot
obeys the angels' instructions and goes to his sons-in-law, who were betrothed
to his daughters, and warns them about the impending destruction. However,
Lot's sons-in-law do not take his warning seriously. They perceive his words as
a joke or an exaggeration, failing to recognize the seriousness of the
situation.
Verse
15: "When the morning dawned, the angels urged Lot to hurry, saying,
'Arise, take your wife and your two daughters who are here, lest you be
consumed in the punishment of the city.'"
As
dawn breaks, the angels urge Lot to hasten his departure. They emphasize the
urgency by urging him to rise quickly and gather his wife and two daughters who
are present, emphasizing the dire consequences if they linger and remain in the
city during the impending punishment.
Verse
16: "And while he lingered, the men took hold of his hand, his wife's
hand, and the hands of his two daughters, the Lord being merciful to him, and
they brought him out and set him outside the city."
Despite
the urgency, Lot hesitates or lingers, possibly showing reluctance or
attachment to the city. In response, the angels take hold of his hand, his
wife's hand, and the hands of his two daughters. This act of divine
intervention demonstrates God's mercy towards Lot, ensuring his safe removal
from the city and setting them outside its boundaries.
Verse
17: "So it came to pass, when they had brought them outside, that he said,
'Escape for your life! Do not look behind you nor stay anywhere in the plain.
Escape to the mountains, lest you be destroyed.'"
Once
outside the city, the angels issue a clear command to Lot and his family. They
instruct them to escape for their lives, emphasizing that they should not look
back or remain anywhere in the plain surrounding the city. Instead, they are
urged to flee to the mountains to ensure their safety and avoid the imminent
destruction.
Verse
18: "Then Lot said to them, 'Please, no, my lords!'"
In
response to the angels' command to flee to the mountains, Lot respectfully
pleads with them, expressing his concerns or reservations regarding this plan.
Verse
19: "Indeed now, your servant has found favor in your sight, and you have
increased your mercy which you have shown me by saving my life; but I cannot
escape to the mountains, lest some evil overtake me and I die."
Lot
acknowledges the favor and mercy shown to him by the angels, recognizing that
they have saved his life. However, he expresses his fear of going to the
mountains, apprehensive that some danger or evil might befall him there,
potentially leading to his demise.
Verse
20: "See now, this city is near enough to flee to, and it is a little one;
please let me escape there (is it not a little one?) and my soul shall
live."
Lot
proposes an alternative plan to the angels, suggesting that a nearby city would
be a safer refuge for him. He appeals to them, describing the city as small or
insignificant and asserting that his life would be preserved if he were allowed
to flee there.
These
verses depict the urgency of the situation, Lot's attempt to warn his
sons-in-law, the angels' guidance and intervention, and Lot's plea for an
alternative refuge as they prepare to escape from the impending destruction of
Sodom.
Verse
21: "And he said to him, 'See, I have favored you concerning this thing
also, in that I will not overthrow this city for which you have spoken.'"
The
angel responds to Lot's plea to escape to a nearby city, assuring him that his
request has been granted. The angel confirms that the city Lot mentioned will
not be destroyed, showing divine favor and mercy towards Lot.
Verse
22: "Hurry, escape there. For I cannot do anything until you arrive
there.' Therefore the name of the city was called Zoar."
The
angel urges Lot to hurry and escape to the designated city without delay. The
angel explains that the destruction cannot commence until Lot and his family
have reached their destination. As a result of this encounter, the city is
named Zoar.
Verse
23: "The sun had risen upon the earth when Lot entered Zoar."
Lot
and his family, following the angel's instructions, reach the city of Zoar
after the sunrise. They have successfully escaped the destruction that awaits
Sodom and Gomorrah.
Verse
24: "Then the Lord rained brimstone and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah, from
the Lord out of the heavens."
As
Lot and his family find safety in Zoar, the Lord executes His judgment on Sodom
and Gomorrah. He rains down brimstone and fire upon the cities, signifying
their complete destruction. This act demonstrates the severity of God's wrath
against the cities due to their widespread wickedness.
Verse
25: "So He overthrew those cities, all the plain, all the inhabitants of
the cities, and what grew on the ground."
God's
judgment extends to the entire plain, encompassing not only the cities but also
all the inhabitants and vegetation within the region. The destruction is
comprehensive, leaving nothing behind.
Verse
26: "But his wife looked back behind him, and she became a pillar of
salt."
Despite
being specifically instructed not to look back, Lot's wife disobeys and turns
her gaze towards the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. As a consequence, she is
instantly transformed into a pillar of salt, serving as a lasting reminder of
the consequences of disobedience.
Verse
27: "And Abraham went early in the morning to the place where he had stood
before the Lord."
Meanwhile,
Abraham, who had interceded on behalf of the cities, goes to the same location
where he had previously stood before the Lord. This indicates his awareness of
the destruction that has taken place.
Verse
28: "Then he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of
the plain; and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land which went up like the
smoke of a furnace."
From
his vantage point, Abraham looks in the direction of Sodom and Gomorrah and the
surrounding plain. He witnesses the aftermath of the destruction as he sees the
smoke rising from the devastated land, likening it to the smoke of a furnace.
Verse
29: "And it came to pass, when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that
God remembered Abraham, and sent Lot out of the midst of the overthrow, when He
overthrew the cities in which Lot had dwelt."
In
the midst of the destruction, God remembers Abraham and his earlier
intercession for the righteous in Sodom. In response to Abraham's plea, God
rescues Lot from the midst of the upheaval, ensuring his safety and fulfilling
His promise to spare the righteous.
Verse
30: "Then Lot went up out of Zoar and dwelt in the mountains, and his two
daughters were with him; for he was afraid to dwell in Zoar. And he and his two
daughters dwelt in a cave."
After
staying in Zoar for a period, Lot and his daughters leave the city and take
refuge in the mountains. Lot's fear or concerns about dwelling in Zoar lead him
to choose a more secluded location. They eventually settle in a cave.
Verse
31: "Now the firstborn said to the younger, 'Our father is old, and there
is no man on the earth to come in to us as is the custom of all the
earth.'"
In
the cave, Lot's daughters have a conversation with each other. The eldest
daughter expresses a concern that their father is old and that there are no
other men left on the earth who could fulfill the customary role of
procreation.
Verse
32: "Come, let us make our father drink wine, and we will lie with him,
that we may preserve the lineage of our father."
As a
result of their concern, the daughters devise a plan. They decide to make their
father drink wine and then lie with him in order to ensure the continuation of
their family line.
Verse
33: "So they made their father drink wine that night. And the firstborn
went in and lay with her father, and he did not know when she lay down or when
she arose."
The
daughters proceed with their plan, and that night, they make their father drink
wine until he becomes intoxicated. The eldest daughter goes in and lies with
Lot while he is unaware of her actions, emphasizing his impaired state.
Verse
34: "It happened on the next day that the firstborn said to the younger,
'Indeed I lay with my father last night; let us make him drink wine tonight
also, and you go in and lie with him, that we may preserve the lineage of our
father.'"
The
following day, the eldest daughter informs the younger daughter about her
encounter with their father. They decide to repeat the act, making Lot drink wine
again and the younger daughter lying with him, driven by their belief that it
is necessary to continue their family line.
Verse
35: "Then they made their father drink wine that night also. And the
younger arose and lay with him, and he did not know when she lay down or when
she arose."
As
planned, the daughters give their father wine again, causing him to become
intoxicated. The younger daughter goes in and lies with Lot, similar to what
the eldest daughter had done the previous night, and Lot remains unaware of
these events.
Verse
36: "Thus both the daughters of Lot were with child by their father."
As a
result of their actions, both of Lot's daughters conceive and become pregnant
through their encounters with their father.
Verse
37: "The firstborn bore a son and called his name Moab; he is the father
of the Moabites to this day."
The
firstborn daughter gives birth to a son whom she names Moab. He becomes the
ancestor of the Moabites, a people who would exist throughout history.
Verse
38: "And the younger, she also bore a son and called his name Ben-Ammi; he
is the father of the people of Ammon to this day."
Likewise,
the younger daughter gives birth to a son whom she names Ben-Ammi. He becomes
the progenitor of the Ammonites, another people who would have a significant
presence in the future.
These
verses describe the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, the fate of Lot's wife,
Abraham's observation of the aftermath, Lot's relocation to the mountains and
subsequent dwelling in a cave, and the events surrounding the conception of
Lot's grandsons through his daughters. It portrays the consequences of
disobedience, God's fulfillment of His promises and protection of the
Important Points
The
wickedness of Sodom and Gomorrah: The chapter begins by
highlighting the extreme wickedness and depravity of the cities of Sodom and
Gomorrah, which leads to their impending destruction.
Lot's
hospitality and the arrival of the angels: Lot, who is living
in Sodom, demonstrates hospitality by welcoming two angels into his home,
unaware of their divine nature.
The
wickedness of the men of Sodom: The men of Sodom surround
Lot's house and demand to have sexual relations with the angels, showcasing the
pervasive immorality and disregard for God's laws in the city.
The
rescue of Lot and his family: The angels intervene and
rescue Lot and his family from the impending destruction. They blind the men of
Sodom and urge Lot to flee with his wife and daughters to a safe place.
The
destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah: As Lot and his family
escape, God rains down brimstone and fire upon the cities, completely
destroying them and the surrounding region.
Lot's
wife turned into a pillar of salt: Lot's wife disobeys the
command not to look back at the destruction and is transformed into a pillar of
salt as a consequence.
Lot's
relocation and the birth of his grandsons: Lot and his
daughters settle in a cave in the mountains. The daughters, believing that no
men are left to father their children, engage in incestuous relationships with
their father, resulting in the births of Moab and Ben-Ammi, the ancestors of
the Moabites and Ammonites.
These
key points emphasize the wickedness and judgment of Sodom and Gomorrah, the
intervention and rescue of Lot and his family, the destruction of the cities,
and the subsequent events that unfold within Lot's family.